Absolute latitude of the country’s single Natural Earth national-capital point.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Annual percentage growth in broad money: currency and liquid or readily convertible financial instruments.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual percentage growth in inflation-adjusted gross domestic product.

National accounts reconciled under international accounting standards and cross-checked across related aggregates.

Annual percentage growth in claims on other domestic sectors relative to broad money.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual percentage growth in net claims on central government relative to broad money.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual percentage growth in claims on the private sector relative to broad money.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual percentage growth in the total population.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Deaths during the year for every 1,000 people in the population; this is an annual rate, not a daily count.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Number of countries sharing a land border, within the complete defined set of landlocked countries in Natural Earth's fixed map.

Reproducible Natural Earth fixed-scale geometry with prior zero-mismatch source validation and a fully covered landlocked-country universe. All three board modes now have complete tie-free witnesses in the expanded catalog; low legacy score reflected ties, not wrong values.

The first men's FIFA World Cup edition in which each participating current country appeared.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Pew Research Center’s “other religions” group combines religions outside Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism; religiously unaffiliated people are counted separately.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Adults aged 15+ with an account at a financial institution or a mobile-money provider, in the 2024 survey.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of adults with an account at a financial institution or a mobile-money service provider.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Bank loans classified as nonperforming, as a percentage of total gross loans.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of electricity generated from oil, gas, and coal sources.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of electricity generated from hydroelectric sources.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of electricity generated from natural gas.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of electricity generated from oil sources.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of energy use supplied by alternative and nuclear energy.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of energy use supplied by combustible renewables and waste.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of total freshwater withdrawals used by agriculture.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Household and municipal use as a percentage of all freshwater withdrawn.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of total freshwater withdrawals used by industry.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Food products as a percentage of all physical goods exported.

Customs and trade records harmonized through international statistical systems.

Food products as a percentage of all physical goods imported.

Customs and trade records harmonized through international statistical systems.

Share of the country’s land area covered by forest.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of mapped land covered by Natural Earth glaciated areas.

Reproducible mapped glaciated share from the pinned official Natural Earth 1:10m layer; player copy states the mapped-layer scope.

Share of mapped land area covered by Natural Earth lakes and reservoirs.

Reproducible mapped lake-and-reservoir share from the pinned official Natural Earth 1:10m layer; player copy states the mapped-layer scope.

Share of land area devoted to permanent crops such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of national land area officially protected.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Percentage of land suitable for temporary crops or pasture.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Percent of land area used for agriculture

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Population living within reach of a third-generation mobile network, whether or not they subscribe.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Population living within reach of a fourth-generation mobile network, whether or not they subscribe.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Population living within reach of a fifth-generation mobile network, whether or not they subscribe.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of the population living in urban agglomerations with more than one million people.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Population primarily using clean fuels and technologies for cooking.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Population with access to electricity.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Percentage of people living in areas classified as rural.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Estimated percentage of the population identifying as Buddhist in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated percentage of the population identifying as Christian in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated percentage of the population identifying as Hindu in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of the population that is male.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated percentage of the population identifying as Muslim in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated percentage of the population identifying as religiously unaffiliated in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Prisoners awaiting trial or sentencing as a percentage of all prisoners.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Rural population primarily using clean fuels and technologies for cooking.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Rural population with access to electricity.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of territorial waters designated as marine protected areas.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Percentage of urban residents in households that lack one or more basic conditions such as safe water, sanitation, sufficient living space, durable housing or secure tenure.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of the urban population living in the country’s largest metropolitan area.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Urban population primarily using clean fuels and technologies for cooking.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Urban population with access to electricity.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

People using improved, unshared sanitation with waste safely disposed of or treated.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Long-term average precipitation depth, including rain and snow, in millimeters per year.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Bank capital relative to total bank assets, using the source's capital definition.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Credit supplied to the private sector by deposit-taking banks other than the central bank, relative to GDP.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Banks' domestic currency holdings and deposits with monetary authorities, relative to bank assets.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Crude birth rate per 1,000 people.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Currency and liquid or readily convertible financial instruments held in the economy, relative to GDP.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Taxes on goods and services, relative to value added in industry and services.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Interest paid on government debt, relative to total government expense.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Government interest payments on debt, relative to total government revenue.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Net official development assistance received, relative to gross capital formation.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Net official development assistance received, relative to imports of goods, services and primary income.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Net official development assistance received, relative to gross national income (GNI).

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Present value of external debt, relative to exports of goods, services and primary income.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Present value of external debt, as a percentage of gross national income (GNI).

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Government education spending as a percentage of the country’s total economic output; this is what GDP measures.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Electricity used per person during the year, measured in kilowatt-hours.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Energy used per person, converted to kilograms of oil equivalent.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated calorie intake per person from national food-balance data; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated protein intake per person from national food-balance data; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated dried bean, lentil, pea and chickpea consumption per person. This is based on national food supplies, not measured household diets.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Estimated consumption per person from national food-balance data. It accounts for production, trade, stocks, losses and non-food uses; it is not measured household intake.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Total debt owed to nonresidents, as a percentage of gross national income (GNI).

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Average number of children a woman would have under current birth rates.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Credit supplied to the private sector by financial corporations, relative to GDP.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Average exposure to fine airborne particles small enough to enter the lungs.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Fixed broadband subscriptions for every 100 people.

ITU-standardized telecommunications administrative data; subscription definitions and national reporting practices can still differ.

Principal and interest paid on external debt, relative to exports of goods, services and primary income.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Principal and interest paid on external debt, relative to gross national income (GNI).

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual freshwater withdrawals relative to renewable internal freshwater resources; values can exceed 100%.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

The country’s total economic output divided by its population.

National accounts reconciled under international accounting standards and cross-checked across related aggregates.

Economic output per unit of energy used, adjusted for purchasing power.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Government taxes on goods and services, relative to total government revenue.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Net government investment in nonfinancial assets, including buildings, infrastructure and inventories, relative to GDP.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Government net lending or borrowing after revenue, expense and net nonfinancial investment. Positive values indicate a surplus.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Government expense, which reduces net worth and excludes net investment in nonfinancial assets, relative to GDP.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Compensation of government employees, relative to total government expense.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Government purchases of goods and services used in production, excluding own-account capital formation, relative to total expense.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Government revenue other than grants, relative to GDP.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Government grants and non-tax receipts, excluding social contributions, relative to total government revenue.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Annual greenhouse gas emissions per person, excluding land use and forestry.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Health spending as a share of the country’s economy.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Average health spending per person in current US dollars.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of the relevant population counted in hepatitis b vaccination (% of infants).

WHO immunization coverage series. Retained as standardized reported/estimated coverage, not represented as an independently measured census.

Taxes on income, profits and capital gains, relative to total tax revenue.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Taxes on income, profits and capital gains, relative to total government revenue.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

UNDP's Atkinson measure of income inequality. Higher percentages mean a less equal distribution.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

UNDP's Atkinson measure of inequality in length of life. Higher percentages mean a less equal distribution.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

UNDP's Atkinson measure of inequality in years of schooling. Higher percentages mean a less equal distribution.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Annual percentage change in consumer prices.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Net foreign direct investment entering the country, as a percentage of GDP.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Expected years of life at birth if current age-specific mortality rates continue.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Years a newborn boy would live if current male death rates stayed the same throughout his life.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of the relevant population counted in measles vaccination (% of children).

WHO immunization coverage series. Retained as standardized reported/estimated coverage, not represented as an independently measured census.

Median age of the population.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Military spending as a percentage of the country’s total economic output.

SIPRI series uses budgets, official documents, and independent estimation rather than accepting a single government assertion.

Military expenditure as a share of general government expenditure.

SIPRI series uses budgets, official documents, and independent estimation rather than accepting a single government assertion.

Government spending on rent, dividends and other miscellaneous expense, relative to total expense.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Payroll, property and other taxes outside the source's main tax categories, relative to total government revenue.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Mobile phone subscriptions for every 100 people.

ITU-standardized telecommunications administrative data; subscription definitions and national reporting practices can still differ.

Private-sector credit from monetary-sector financial institutions, relative to GDP.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Personal remittances received as a share of gross domestic product.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual births minus deaths per 1,000 people; negative values mean deaths exceed births.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Credit and other claims on central government, net of government deposits, relative to GDP.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Energy imports minus exports, relative to primary energy use. Negative values identify net exporters.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Annual arrivals minus departures per 1,000 people; negative values mean more people leave than arrive.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

New limited liability companies registered during the year per 1,000 people ages 15–64.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Net direct investment abroad by residents, as a percentage of GDP.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Share of non-arid land where the coldest month averages 0°C or below and the warmest month averages above 10°C

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of land where annual rainfall is below half the Köppen–Geiger aridity limit: 20× mean annual °C, plus 280 mm for summer rain, 0 mm for winter rain, or 140 mm otherwise

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of temperate land where the driest summer month receives under 40 mm and less than one-third the rain of the wettest winter month

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of non-arid land where the warmest month averages 10°C or below

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Land receiving between half and all of the Köppen–Geiger temperature-adjusted rainfall limit

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of non-arid land where the coldest month averages above 0°C but below 18°C and the warmest month averages above 10°C

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Land that stays at least 18°C year-round and has a short dry season, with the driest month under 60 mm but enough annual rain to remain monsoon

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of land where every month averages at least 18°C and the driest month receives at least 60 mm of rain

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of non-arid land where the warmest month averages above 0°C but no more than 10°C

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Share of land where annual rainfall is below the Köppen–Geiger aridity limit: 20× mean annual °C, plus 280 mm for summer rain, 0 mm for winter rain, or 140 mm otherwise

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

People living in each square kilometer of land.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Children one year below the official primary-entry age participating in organized learning.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Payments on long-term public and publicly guaranteed debt plus IMF repayments, relative to exports of goods and services.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Payments on long-term public and publicly guaranteed external debt, relative to exports of goods, services and primary income.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Payments on public and publicly guaranteed external debt, relative to gross national income (GNI).

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Official reserve assets, including monetary gold, relative to total external debt.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Length of major rivers per 1,000 square kilometers of land.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Share of public and publicly guaranteed external debt-service payments made to institutions such as the World Bank and regional development banks. Measures the creditor mix, not debt size.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

External debt due within one year, relative to exports of goods, services and primary income.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

External debt due within one year, plus overdue interest on long-term debt, relative to total reserves including gold.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Government subsidies and other transfers, relative to total government expense.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

Tax revenue as a share of gross domestic product.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Elevation of the country’s highest volcano active during the last roughly 12,000 years.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Export value of products with high research-and-development intensity, including aerospace, computers, electronics, pharmaceuticals and scientific instruments.

Customs and trade records harmonized through international statistical systems.

Value created by agriculture, forestry and fishing during the year.

National accounts reconciled under international accounting standards and cross-checked across related aggregates.

Annual value of aircraft exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of aluminum exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of apple and pear exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Aquaculture is understood to mean the farming of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic plants.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Land north of the Arctic Circle, calculated from Natural Earth's fixed-scale country geometries.

Reproducible Natural Earth fixed-scale geometry with prior zero-mismatch source validation. Scout has a complete tie-free board witness; larger modes remain unavailable. Low legacy score reflects sparse Arctic land distribution, not an observation mismatch.

Combined area of glaciers and ice caps inside the country.

Reproducible mapped glaciated area from the pinned official Natural Earth 1:10m layer; player copy states the mapped-layer scope.

Estimated volume of major weapons imported through purchases, gifts or licensed production.

SIPRI series uses budgets, official documents, and independent estimation rather than accepting a single government assertion.

Annual value of banana exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of beef exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of beer exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Estimated number of people identifying as Buddhist in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Total national population of this livestock species.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Number of camels kept as livestock; FAOSTAT 2024 estimates

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Capture fisheries production measures the volume of fish catches landed by a country for all commercial, industrial, recreational and subsistence purposes.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual value of car exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total national population of this livestock species.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual value of ceramic exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of cheese exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of chemical exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Number of chickens kept as livestock; FAOSTAT 2024 estimates

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual value of chocolate exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Estimated number of people identifying as Christian in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Annual value of citrus fruit exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of clothing exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of coal exported from the country.

Comparable annual UN Comtrade export values in current US dollars, same commodity and reference year. Independent source audit passed with zero value/ranking mismatches; low legacy score is not a finding of incorrect data. Reporting coverage remains top-end rather than comprehensive.

Annual value of cocoa bean exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of coffee exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total national population of this livestock species.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total national population of this livestock species.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual value of computer chip exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of computer exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Area of the country’s largest single connected land piece.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Annual value of copper exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of cotton exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of crude-oil exported from the country.

Comparable annual UN Comtrade export values in current US dollars, same commodity and reference year. Independent source audit passed with zero value/ranking mismatches; low legacy score is not a finding of incorrect data. Reporting coverage remains top-end rather than comprehensive.

Net cross-border trade, earned income and transfers relative to the economy's size. Positive means a surplus; negative means a deficit. This is broader than an export/import trade balance.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total national population of this livestock species.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Number of ducks kept as livestock; FAOSTAT 2023 estimates

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total value of goods and services produced in the country during the year.

National accounts reconciled under international accounting standards and cross-checked across related aggregates.

Annual value of electrical equipment exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of electricity exported from the country.

Comparable annual UN Comtrade export values in current US dollars, same commodity and reference year. Independent source audit passed with zero value/ranking mismatches; low legacy score is not a finding of incorrect data. Reporting coverage remains top-end rather than comprehensive.

Annual value of fish exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of footwear exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total land area covered by forest.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual value of furniture exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of glass exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total national population of this livestock species.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual value of gold exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Physical products exported across national borders as recorded by customs. This differs from balance-of-payments goods data, which follows changes in ownership.

Customs and trade records harmonized through international statistical systems.

Physical products imported across national borders as recorded by customs. This differs from balance-of-payments goods data, which follows changes in ownership.

Customs and trade records harmonized through international statistical systems.

Value of physical goods exported minus physical goods imported, in current US dollars.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Estimated number of people identifying as Hindu in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Total national population of this livestock species.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual value of iron and steel exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Estimated number of people identifying as Jewish in 2020.

Current official-source audit verified the stored series, values, coverage, and rankings with zero mismatches.

Area of the largest single lake or reservoir inside the country.

Reproducible largest mapped lake-or-reservoir area from the pinned official Natural Earth 1:10m layer; player copy states the mapped-layer scope.

Total land area within the country's borders.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Land under cereal production refers to harvested area, although some countries report only sown or cultivated area.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual value of machinery exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of maize exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Value created by manufacturing in the country during the year.

National accounts reconciled under international accounting standards and cross-checked across related aggregates.

Annual value of medical and optical equipment exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total military spending in current US dollars.

SIPRI series uses budgets, official documents, and independent estimation rather than accepting a single government assertion.

Annual value of motorcycle exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total mules and hinnies. A hinny is the offspring of a stallion and a female donkey.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Estimated number of people identifying as Muslim in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Annual value of natural gas exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Official development aid received from abroad after subtracting repayments, in current US dollars.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Net cross-border investment in which an investor owns at least 10% of a business and therefore has lasting influence over it.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Official development assistance received from abroad after subtracting repayments, in current US dollars.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual value of olive oil exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of paper exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of pharmaceutical exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Value of physical products whose ownership moved from residents to buyers abroad, in current US dollars.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Value of physical products whose ownership moved from sellers abroad to residents, in current US dollars.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total national population of this livestock species.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual value of plastics exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total number of people living in the country.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Population living in each country's largest urban area.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

People living in metropolitan areas with over one million residents.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual value of poultry meat exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of railway equipment exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Estimated number of people identifying as religiously unaffiliated in 2020.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Annual value of rice exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of rubber product exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total national population of this livestock species.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual value of ship exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of soybean exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of spice exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

People who are not considered a national by any country under the operation of its law.

Operational registration and asylum records standardized by UNHCR; registration-system differences remain possible.

Annual value of sugar exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of tea exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of telephone exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of tomato exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total country area, including land and inland water.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total fisheries production measures the volume of aquatic species caught by a country for all commercial, industrial, recreational and subsistence purposes.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total freshwater withdrawn during the year, excluding evaporation losses from storage basins.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Combined area of lakes and reservoirs inside the country.

Reproducible mapped lake-and-reservoir area from the pinned official Natural Earth 1:10m layer; player copy states the mapped-layer scope.

Foreign currency and gold held by the country’s central bank and monetary authorities.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Annual value of toy exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Number of turkeys kept as livestock; FAOSTAT 2023 estimates

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual value of wheat exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of wine exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Annual value of wood exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Year infant mortality first fell below 25 deaths before age one for every 1,000 live births.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Average land border length per neighboring country, among countries with a land border.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Total length of the country’s longest shared land border with one neighboring country.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Coastline length measured from the fixed Natural Earth 1:10m map. Results depend on map resolution; this is not a definitive coastline length.

Source-qualified fixed-scale map measurement, not a definitive coastline ranking. Natural Earth geometry and common-year observations were previously independently validated; current tie-free boards are witnessed. Coastline scale sensitivity remains disclosed.

Combined length of all international land borders.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Combined length of Natural Earth river lines inside the country.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Annual population change as a percentage. The most negative rate wins; this measures decline relative to population size, not the number of people lost.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Average number of births per woman under current age-specific fertility rates.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Deaths before age one per 1,000 live births.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Median age of the population.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Population per square kilometer.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Freight carried by air, weighted by distance flown, in millions of tonne-kilometers.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Number of domestic and international takeoffs by airlines registered in each country during the year.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total almonds produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total apples produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total apricots produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Land suitable for temporary crops or pasture, measured in hectares; this is what “arable” means here.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Farmable land available per person, measured in hectares.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

New asylum applications filed abroad by people from each country during the year.

Operational registration and asylum records standardized by UNHCR; registration-system differences remain possible.

New asylum applications filed in each destination country during the year.

Operational registration and asylum records standardized by UNHCR; registration-system differences remain possible.

Cash machines available for every 100,000 adults.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total avocados produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total bananas produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Commercial bank branches available for every 100,000 adults.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total barley produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total beef and buffalo meat produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total beer produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Male births per 100 female births.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Total butter and ghee produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total cabbage produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total cane and beet sugar produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total carrots and turnips produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total cassava produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total cauliflower and broccoli produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total cereals produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total cheese produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total cherries produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total chicken meat produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual carbon dioxide emissions from producing electricity and heat.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Coastline length divided by land area, using the same fixed Natural Earth 1:10m map. Results depend on map resolution.

Source-qualified fixed-scale map measurement, not a definitive coastline ranking. Natural Earth geometry and common-year observations were previously independently validated; current tie-free boards are witnessed. Coastline scale sensitivity remains disclosed.

Total coconuts produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total coffee produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total corn produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total cotton produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total cow's milk produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

The reported country value for crude oil produced.

Physical energy statistics compiled by the U.S. EIA. Boards must additionally pass nonzero and tie-concentration checks.

Total cucumbers and gherkins produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total dry beans produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total dry peas produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total eggplants produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total eggs produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Kilograms of nitrogen, phosphate and potash nutrients used per hectare of arable land; excludes manure.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total figs produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total fixed high-speed Internet subscriptions in the country.

ITU-standardized telecommunications administrative data; subscription definitions and national reporting practices can still differ.

Total active fixed telephone subscriptions in the country.

ITU-standardized telecommunications administrative data; subscription definitions and national reporting practices can still differ.

Total fruit produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total goat milk produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total grapefruits and pomelos produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total grapes produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total green chilies and peppers produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total green peas produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total emissions from energy, industry, agriculture and waste, excluding land use and forestry.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total honey produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Count of lake and reservoir features covering at least 1 km² inside the country in Natural Earth 1:10m v5.0.0. This is a map inventory, not a census of every lake.

Reproducible Natural Earth fixed-scale geometry; source-qualified map scope is disclosed. Existing independent validation has zero value/ranking mismatches. Low legacy scores reflect global clustering or subset size; complete tie-free boards are now witnessed.

Land border length per 1,000 square kilometers of land.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Number of countries sharing a land border.

Reproducible Natural Earth fixed-scale geometry; source-qualified map scope is disclosed. Existing independent validation has zero value/ranking mismatches. Low legacy scores reflect global clustering or subset size; complete tie-free boards are now witnessed.

Total lemons and limes produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total lettuce and chicory produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Number of magnitude 6+ earthquake epicenters inside the country since 1970.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Total mandarins and tangerines produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total mangoes, guavas, and mangosteens produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total melons produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total millet produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total active mobile phone subscriptions in the country.

ITU-standardized telecommunications administrative data; subscription definitions and national reporting practices can still differ.

Total mushrooms and truffles produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

The reported country value for natural gas produced.

Physical energy statistics compiled by the U.S. EIA. Boards must additionally pass nonzero and tie-concentration checks.

Number of land-border neighbors, restricted to countries with no Natural Earth ocean-boundary coastline.

Reproducible Natural Earth fixed-scale geometry; source-qualified map scope is disclosed. Existing independent validation has zero value/ranking mismatches. Low legacy scores reflect global clustering or subset size; complete tie-free boards are now witnessed.

International Development Association loan disbursements minus principal repayments, in current US dollars.

Official World Bank indicator with prior zero-mismatch source validation, explicit units/denominator and complete current board witnesses. Low legacy score reflects distribution or country subset size. Observation quality score is retained; reviewed comparability remains caution rather than a claim of perfect data.

New limited-liability companies registered during 2024.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total oats produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total onions and shallots produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total oranges produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total papayas produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Domestic and international passengers carried by airlines based in each country.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total peaches and nectarines produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total peanuts produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total pears produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Pew Research Center’s “other religions” group combines religions outside Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism; religiously unaffiliated people are counted separately.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Total pineapples produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total plums and sloes produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total pork produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Annual value of potato exported from the country.

Customs transaction records standardized by the United Nations and cross-checkable against trading-partner records.

Total potatoes produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total dried beans, lentils, peas, and chickpeas produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total pumpkins, squash, and gourds produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Date each current UN Member State was admitted to the United Nations.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Year the country most recently crossed the point where at least half of its population lived in urban areas.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Year under-five mortality first fell below 50 deaths per 1,000 live births.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Year mobile subscriptions first reached 50 per 100 people.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Year electricity access first reached at least half of the population.

Source-audited historical threshold crossing. Existing zero-mismatch source validation and complete eligible universe retained; global year ties do not invalidate the witnessed tie-free boards.

Year internet use first reached at least half of the population.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Year life expectancy first reached at least 70 years.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

People recognized as refugees who are living in each host country.

Operational registration and asylum records standardized by UNHCR; registration-system differences remain possible.

People from each country who are living abroad as recognized refugees.

Operational registration and asylum records standardized by UNHCR; registration-system differences remain possible.

Pew Research Center’s 2020 Religious Diversity Index score.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Fresh water naturally replenished by rainfall, rivers, and groundwater each year.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Fresh water naturally replenished each year, divided by the population.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total rice produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Count of river features extending at least 1 km inside the country in Natural Earth 1:10m v5.0.0. Separate features may belong to the same river.

Reproducible Natural Earth fixed-scale geometry; source-qualified map scope is disclosed. Existing independent validation has zero value/ranking mismatches. Low legacy scores reflect global clustering or subset size; complete tie-free boards are now witnessed.

Total roots and tubers produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Scientific and technical journal articles published during the year.

Independent Scopus/NSF bibliometric count based on author affiliations, not a number supplied by national governments. It measures article volume, not research quality.

Publicly trusted TLS/SSL certificates counted by hosting country, per million residents.

ITU-standardized telecommunications administrative data; subscription definitions and national reporting practices can still differ.

Total sesame seeds produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total sheep and goat meat produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total sorghum produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total soybeans produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total strawberries produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total sugar beets produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total sugarcane produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total sunflower seeds produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total sweet potatoes produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

A threatened species is likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future, throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

A threatened species is likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future, throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Number of mammal species classified as threatened with extinction.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Number of native vascular plant species classified as threatened with extinction.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Total tobacco produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total tomatoes produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total tree nuts produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Publicly trusted website security certificates, grouped by hosting country.

ITU-standardized telecommunications administrative data; subscription definitions and national reporting practices can still differ.

Total vegetables produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Number of Smithsonian-listed volcanoes active during the last roughly 12,000 years.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Total walnuts produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total watermelons produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total wheat produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Total wine produced during the year.

FAO-standardized agricultural statistics; country submissions are checked and documented, with estimates used for some gaps.

Latitude of the country’s single Natural Earth national-capital point.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Latitude of the country’s northernmost land point.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Mean age of childbearing.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

Enactment year of the constitution currently listed as in force by the Constitute Project.

Retained only with documented source and methodology; additional corroboration may be appropriate.

People age 65 and older as a share of the population.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.

Latitude of the country’s single Natural Earth national-capital point.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

Latitude of the country’s southernmost land point.

Calculated consistently from one global geometry dataset rather than national claims.

People ages 0–14 as a share of the population.

World Development Indicators compiled from recognized international sources with documented metadata.